As robots are becoming more accessible in our daily lives, the interest in physical human-robot interaction (HRI) is rapidly increasing. With easy accessibility to the robots, physical interaction between humans and robots has become a necessity, not an option. An electric bicycle (E-bike) is one of the great examples of HRI because a rider simultaneously actuates the rear wheel of the E-bike in close proximity. Based on the analysis of human dynamics, we are developing a robotic bike which can 1) increase driving efficiency(human & bike), and 2) increase steering stability. As a result, our algorithm required 5.09% less human energy consumption than a conventional algorithm (power assistant system) and 11.01% less energy consumption than a bicycle operated without power assistance. Furthermore, our algorithm also increased velocity stability and acceleration stability of the R-bike, and decreased jerk to provide riders with the best user experience.
D. H. Kim, D. Lee, Y. Kim, S. Kim, and D. Shin
Sustainability, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp.1-18, 2021.
N. H. Kim, D. H. Kim, and D. Shin
In Proceedings of KSPE Spring Conference, Jeju Island, May 2017.
D. Shin, X. Yeh, and O. Khatib
International Journal of Robotics Research, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp.
507-518, 2014.